I am not an electrical engineer but I can definitely say that I have ridden lower wattage boards and they have more nearly the same of the higher wattage boards from their gear ratio. It all depends on how many teeth the gear has. I the main gear has 24 teeth it will provide a different torque and draw a different amperage than if the gear pushing the belt has 15 teeth. The gear ratio makes up the difference.
This is how the input power can be less and give out a higher output power. If the rpms are 5000 and it has to drive the gear 1.6 revolutions instead of just 1 revolution, the ratio is 1.6 to 1. The more powerful motors have different gear ratios depending on how much top speed they are set for. I do not recommend anyone changing out the gears to make the board go faster. It could make a board go 30 mph or maybe 40 but this can draw too much amperage and overheat the motor.
The goal is to see how slowly the smaller gear next to the motor can go while having a larger gear with more teeth can spin faster. For every revolution of the small gear, the larger gear moving the belt so the skateboard wheel can spin, the faster that spins the faster the board can go.
The reason the output can be stronger than the input is because of the mechanical advantage of increasining the torque from the larger gear and reduce the rpm on the gear on the motor.
Note: some gears are made of cheap plastic, others a harder plastic and others metal and combonations of plastic and metal. The problem with the cheap ones is that the motor can be very powerful but the gears can't handle the power for as long as gears designed for that power. Most electric skateboard companies throw in an extra gear because this happens. I always ask for 3 to 5 years. I don't want to ride knowing all the time that the gears are wearing out. When I have extra belts, extra gears, and even an extra remote, I am not so worried all the time. If the remote drops the wrong way, it could quit working and you gotta wait a week to get another one.
The plastic of the gears can melt if the temperature gets too hot.
If the gear gets too hot (plastic) the teeth can melt. Extra gears are super cheap but really sucks if you don't have extras laying around.
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ELECTRIC SKATEBOARD AWARENESS REPORTS
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How to chose between Brushed VS Brushless
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